Tarantulas, with their imposing size and hairy appearance, often evoke fear or fascination. However, these gentle giants can be safely handled with proper technique and a calm demeanor. Understanding their behavior and respecting their natural instincts is paramount to ensuring a positive experience for both the handler and the tarantula.
Before handling a tarantula, it is crucial to create a calm and secure environment. Transfer the tarantula from its enclosure to a spacious container, such as a large plastic tub. Avoid sudden movements or loud noises that may startle the tarantula and trigger a defensive response. Once the tarantula has settled in the container, carefully lift it using both hands, supporting its body and legs evenly. Handle it with gentle and controlled movements, avoiding sudden jerks or drops.
While handling a tarantula, pay attention to its body language. If it raises its front legs defensively or flicks urticating hairs, release it immediately and allow it to retreat to a safe place. Avoid gripping the tarantula too tightly, as this can cause discomfort or injury. Respect its boundaries and handle it only for a short period of time to minimize stress. Always wash your hands thoroughly before and after handling a tarantula to prevent the transmission of any potential pathogens.
Identifying Tarantula Species
With over 900 described species, identifying tarantulas can be an overwhelming task. However, there are several key characteristics that can help you narrow down the possibilities.
Size and Color
Tarantulas come in a wide range of sizes, from the tiny Myrmecia pilosula, which is less than half an inch in length, to the massive Theraphosa blondi, which can span over 10 inches. Coloration is equally variable, with species ranging from jet black to vibrant reds, blues, and greens.
Hair Patterns
Tarantulas have a variety of hair patterns, which can be used to differentiate between species. Some species have long, dense hair that covers their entire body, while others have shorter, sparser hair. The arrangement and density of hairs can also vary, with some species having a distinct “chevron” pattern on their abdomens.
Body Markings
In addition to hair patterns, tarantulas may also have distinctive body markings, such as stripes, spots, or chevrons. These markings can be located on the carapace (top of the body), the abdomen, or both. Body markings are often used to identify specific species of tarantula.
Tips for Identifying Tarantula Species
- Consider the size, color, and hair patterns of the tarantula.
- Look for any distinctive body markings.
- Compare your observations to descriptions and photographs in field guides or online resources.
- Consult with an expert if you are unable to identify the tarantula on your own.
Understanding Tarantula Behavior
Tarantulas are fascinating creatures that make unique pets. Understanding their natural behavior is essential for handling them safely and respecting their needs.
Observing Body Language
Tarantulas communicate primarily through body language. One of the most common signs of discomfort is raising the front legs. This is a warning that the tarantula is ready to strike if necessary.
If the tarantula lowers its front legs and keeps them tucked close to its body, it is likely feeling threatened and may be preparing to bite or flick hairs.
By observing body language, you can better anticipate how your tarantula will react to being handled and avoid situations where it feels threatened.
Handling Curiosity and Prey Drive
Tarantulas are naturally curious creatures and may occasionally explore outside their enclosures if given the opportunity. While they are not inherently aggressive towards humans, they may see sudden movements or vibrations as potential threats.
Additionally, some tarantula species exhibit a strong prey drive and may mistake humans for prey if not handled properly. It is important to avoid holding the tarantula above your face or making sudden movements that could trigger its hunting instincts.
By understanding these natural behaviors, you can safely handle your tarantula and minimize the risk of bites or flicking hairs.
Safe Handling Techniques
To handle a tarantula safely, it is important to follow proper techniques. Here are some essential steps to ensure the safety of both the handler and the tarantula:
1. Wash Hands and Wear Gloves
Always wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before and after handling a tarantula. This will help prevent the transfer of any harmful bacteria or parasites. Consider wearing thin, nitrile gloves to protect your skin and reduce the risk of bites.
2. Use a Soft Brush or Tweezers
When moving a tarantula, use a soft brush or long, blunt-tipped tweezers. Gently nudge the tarantula onto the brush or tweezers and support its body as you move it to another location. Avoid using your bare hands, as tarantulas can bite if they feel threatened.
3. Support the Tarantula’s Body and Legs
When holding a tarantula, it is crucial to provide proper support to its body and legs. Use one hand to gently cradle the tarantula’s abdomen, ensuring that its legs are supported and not dangling freely. The other hand can be used to guide its movements or offer additional support. Avoid squeezing the tarantula or applying excessive pressure.
| Never Do |
Always Do |
| Handle tarantulas abruptly |
Handle tarantulas calmly and slowly |
| Hold tarantulas upside down |
Hold tarantulas right side up, supporting their legs |
| Drop or throw tarantulas |
Handle tarantulas with care, never dropping or throwing them |
Proper Enclosure Setup
Providing a suitable enclosure is crucial for a tarantula’s well-being. Here are key considerations:
Enclosure Size and Type
The enclosure should be at least three times the length and twice the width of the tarantula. For terrestrial species, a glass terrarium with a screen top for ventilation is ideal. For arboreal species, a tall enclosure with plenty of climbing space is necessary.
Substrate
The substrate provides a comfortable and natural environment for the tarantula. Use a mix of organic materials like coconut fiber, peat moss, or vermiculite. Keep the substrate slightly damp to maintain humidity.
Hideouts
Tarantulas need a place to hide from predators and feel secure. Provide multiple hideouts, such as cork bark, a coconut shell, or a rock shelter. Ensure the hideouts are the right size for the tarantula and have a snug fit.
Water Dish
A shallow water dish is essential for hydration. Place a water dish filled with fresh, clean water near one of the hideouts. The water dish should be large enough for the tarantula to drink comfortably but not deep enough to risk drowning.
| Enclosure Size |
Substrate |
Hideouts |
Water Dish |
|
3x length, 2x width of tarantula
|
Organic mix (e.g., coconut fiber, peat moss)
|
Cork bark, coconut shell, rock shelter
|
Shallow dish filled with fresh water
|
Feeding and Hydration Requirements
Tarantulas are opportunistic predators, and their diet in the wild consists primarily of insects, spiders, small rodents, lizards, and frogs. In captivity, they can be fed a variety of feeder insects, such as crickets, mealworms, dubia roaches, and superworms.
The frequency of feeding depends on the species of tarantula, its age, and its size. In general, larger tarantulas require less frequent feedings than smaller ones, and younger tarantulas require more frequent feedings than adults. Most tarantulas should be fed once or twice a week. A good rule of thumb is to offer food items that are no larger than the tarantula’s abdomen.
Tarantulas also require a source of fresh water. A shallow water dish should be provided in the enclosure, and the water should be changed regularly.
Prey Size and Frequency
The size and frequency of prey items will vary depending on the size and species of tarantula. A general guideline is to offer prey items that are no larger than the tarantula’s abdomen. For example, a small tarantula may be fed pinhead crickets, while a larger tarantula may be fed adult crickets or mealworms. The frequency of feeding will also vary, but most tarantulas should be fed once or twice a week.
| Tarantula Size |
Prey Size |
Frequency |
| Small (<2 inches) |
Pinhead crickets |
Once or twice a week |
| Medium (2-4 inches) |
Adult crickets or mealworms |
Once a week |
| Large (4+ inches) |
Adult crickets or mealworms, dubia roaches, or superworms |
Once every 1-2 weeks |
Monitoring Health and Well-being
Physical Signs
Observe your tarantula’s physical appearance regularly. A healthy tarantula has a clean, shiny exoskeleton, clear legs, and no open wounds. It should move around actively and respond to stimuli.
Feeding and Hydration
Tarantulas should be fed appropriate insects at recommended intervals. Monitor their food intake to ensure they are eating regularly. Provide shallow water dishes and keep them constantly filled.
Molting
Tarantulas shed their exoskeletons multiple times throughout their lives. During a molt, the tarantula may appear lethargic and darken in color. Provide a moist environment and avoid handling it until the new exoskeleton hardens.
Enrichment
Enrichment is crucial for tarantula’s well-being. Provide them with hiding spots, climbing structures, and foliage to explore.
Behavioral Changes
Be observant of any changes in your tarantula’s behavior. Excessive inactivity, loss of appetite, or defensiveness may indicate illness or stress. Contact a veterinarian if you notice any significant behavioral changes.
Regular Check-ups
Establishing a relationship with a veterinarian specializing in exotic pets is recommended. Regular check-ups allow for early detection of health issues and provide an opportunity to assess the tarantula’s overall health.
Health Red Flags
Keep an eye out for the following symptoms, which could indicate a health problem:
| Symptom |
Potential Cause |
| Lethargy |
Illness, stress, dehydration |
| Loss of appetite |
Illness, stress, improper diet |
| Open wounds |
Injuries, infections |
| Discolored exoskeleton |
Infections, molting problems |
| Unusual discharge |
Infections, respiratory issues |
Common Tarantula Ailments
Dehydration
Dehydration is a common ailment in tarantulas, especially if they do not have access to a water source. Dehydration can cause a tarantula’s body to become thin and wrinkled, and can eventually lead to death. Treat dehydration by providing the tarantula with a fresh water source and misting its enclosure.
Parasites
Tarantulas can be infected with a variety of parasites, including mites, ticks, and nematodes. Parasites can cause a tarantula to become weak and lethargic, and can eventually lead to death. Treat parasites by using an appropriate antiparasitic medication.
Bacterial Infections
Bacterial infections can develop in tarantulas due to a variety of factors, including injuries, stress, and poor hygiene. Bacterial infections can cause a tarantula to become swollen and discolored, and can eventually lead to death. Treat bacterial infections by using an appropriate antibiotic.
Fungal Infections
Fungal infections can develop in tarantulas due to a variety of factors, including high humidity, poor hygiene, and injuries. Fungal infections can cause a tarantula to develop a variety of symptoms, including skin lesions, respiratory problems, and digestive problems. Treat fungal infections by using an appropriate antifungal medication.
Skin Shedding Problems
Tarantulas shed their skin as they grow. If the tarantula is unable to shed its skin properly, it can develop a variety of problems, including skin infections, respiratory problems, and digestive problems. Treat skin shedding problems by providing the tarantula with a humid environment and a variety of objects to rub against to help remove the old skin.
Egg-Binding
Egg-binding occurs when a female tarantula is unable to lay her eggs. This can be caused by a variety of factors, including stress, poor nutrition, and inadequate humidity. Egg-binding can be a serious problem and can eventually lead to death. Treat egg-binding by providing the tarantula with a humid environment, a soft substrate to lay her eggs on, and a variety of food.
Leg Loss
Tarantulas can lose their legs due to a variety of factors, including injuries, stress, and disease. Leg loss can be a serious problem and can affect the tarantula’s ability to move and hunt. Treat leg loss by providing the tarantula with a safe environment and a variety of food.
| Ailment |
Symptoms |
Treatment |
| Dehydration |
Thin, wrinkled body |
Provide fresh water source and mist enclosure |
| Parasites |
Weakness, lethargy |
Use appropriate antiparasitic medication |
| Bacterial Infections |
Swelling, discoloration |
Use appropriate antibiotic |
| Fungal Infections |
Skin lesions, respiratory problems, digestive problems |
Use appropriate antifungal medication |
| Skin Shedding Problems |
Incomplete shedding, skin infections |
Provide humid environment and objects to rub against |
| Egg-Binding |
Inability to lay eggs |
Provide humid environment, soft substrate, and food |
| Leg Loss |
Missing legs |
Provide safe environment and food |
Handling Emergencies
8. What to Do if the Tarantula Bites You
Although tarantula bites are rarely fatal to humans, they can be painful and cause discomfort. If you are bitten, follow these steps:
- Remain calm and wash the bite area with soap and water.
- Apply a cold compress to the bite to reduce swelling.
- Take over-the-counter pain medication, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, to relieve pain.
- Immobilize the affected limb to prevent the venom from spreading.
- Monitor the bite area for signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, or pus.
- Seek medical attention if you experience severe pain, swelling, or other symptoms of an allergic reaction.
- Inform the medical professional that you have been bitten by a tarantula.
- It is typically not necessary to administer antivenom for tarantula bites.
Note: If the victim is a child or has a history of severe allergic reactions, seek medical attention immediately after the bite.
Enjoying Tarantulas Responsibly
Tarantulas are fascinating creatures that can make interesting pets. However, it is important to handle them responsibly to avoid injury to yourself or the tarantula.
Before Handling
Before handling a tarantula, it is important to:
- Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water.
- Remove any jewelry from your hands and wrists.
- Find a quiet, safe place to handle the tarantula.
Handling the Tarantula
When handling a tarantula, it is important to:
- Be gentle and calm.
- Support the tarantula’s body with one hand.
- Use your other hand to gently stroke the tarantula’s back.
- Avoid making sudden movements or loud noises.
Common Mistakes To Avoid
When handling a tarantula, it is important to avoid the following common mistakes:
- Squeezing the tarantula
- Grabbing the tarantula by its legs
- Poking or prodding the tarantula
- Trying to feed the tarantula while it is being handled
Bites and What To Do
Tarantula bites are rare, but they can happen if the tarantula feels threatened. If you are bitten by a tarantula, it is important to:
- Clean the wound thoroughly with soap and water.
- Apply a cold compress to the wound.
- Take pain relievers if needed.
- If the bite is severe, seek medical attention
Tarantula Care
| Diet: |
Live insects, such as crickets, mealworms, and roaches |
| Habitat: |
A terrarium with proper ventilation, hiding places, and a water dish |
| Temperature: |
75-85 degrees Fahrenheit |
| Humidity: |
60-80% |
| Lifespan: |
10-20 years |
Handling a Tarantula
Tarantulas are large, hairy spiders that are often kept as pets. While they are not typically aggressive, they can bite if they feel threatened. Therefore, it is important to handle them with care.
When handling a tarantula, it is important to hold it securely. This can be done by placing one hand on the top of the spider’s body and the other hand on the bottom. It is also important to avoid making any sudden movements, as this could startle the spider.
If a tarantula does bite you, it is important to clean the wound and seek medical attention. Tarantula bites are not typically life-threatening, but they can be painful.
People Also Ask
How often should I feed my tarantula?
Tarantulas should be fed once or twice a week. The size of the meal should be about the same size as the spider’s abdomen.
What kind of substrate should I use for my tarantula?
Tarantulas require a substrate that is moisture-retentive and well-draining. Some good options include coconut fiber, peat moss, and vermiculite.
How often should I clean my tarantula’s enclosure?
Tarantula enclosures should be cleaned once or twice a month. The substrate should be replaced completely, and the enclosure should be washed with a mild disinfectant.
