Laying mortar concrete blocks is an essential skill for any DIYer or construction professional. It’s a relatively simple process, but there are a few things you need to know to do it right. In this article, we’ll walk you through the step-by-step process of how to mortar concrete blocks, from preparing the surface to finishing the joints. We’ll also provide some tips and tricks to help you get the job done quickly and efficiently.
Before you start laying concrete blocks, you need to prepare the surface. This means clearing away any debris, leveling the ground, and compacting the soil. You’ll also need to build a form to hold the blocks in place. The form can be made of wood or metal, and it should be level and square. Once the form is in place, you can start laying the blocks. Start by placing a bead of mortar on the bottom edge of the first block. Then, set the block in place and tap it down with a rubber mallet. Continue laying blocks in this manner, staggering the joints as you go. As you lay each block, be sure to check that it is level and square. Once the first course of blocks is complete, you can start the second course. Continue laying blocks in this manner until the wall is complete.
Once the wall is complete, you need to finish the joints. This can be done with a pointing trowel or a jointing tool. To finish the joints, simply apply a small amount of mortar to the joint and smooth it out. Be sure to tool the joints to create a clean, finished look. Once the joints are finished, you can let the mortar cure for 24 hours. After 24 hours, the mortar will be hard and the wall will be ready to use.
Curing Concrete Blocks for Maximum Strength
Proper curing is essential to ensure the maximum strength and durability of concrete blocks. Follow these steps for optimal curing:
Moisture Control
Keep the blocks moist by covering them with a wet burlap or plastic sheeting. This prevents moisture from evaporating and allows the concrete to hydrate fully.
Temperature Control
Maintain a temperature between 50°F and 70°F during the curing period. Protect the blocks from freezing, as this can damage the concrete.
Curing Period
Allow the concrete blocks to cure for at least 28 days before applying any load or exposing them to moisture.
Protection from Rain
Cover the blocks with a tarp or plastic sheeting to protect them from rain. Excess moisture can weaken the concrete and reduce its strength.
Ventilation
Provide adequate ventilation to allow moisture to escape from the blocks. This prevents the formation of cracks and efflorescence.
Inspection
Inspect the blocks regularly for signs of drying out or damage. Adjust the curing conditions as necessary to ensure proper hydration.
Surface Sealing
Apply a surface sealer to the blocks after curing to protect them from moisture and efflorescence. This enhances their durability and appearance.
Tools and Techniques for Efficient Work
Proper Tools for Mortar Application
Mortar Board: A flat surface for mixing and holding mortar.
Trowel: A flat, blade-shaped tool used to apply mortar.
Techniques for Laying Blocks
Laying the First Course
Align the blocks along a string or level to ensure a straight and level first course.
Apply a thick bed of mortar to the foundation and place the first block.
Applying Mortar to Joints
Scoop mortar from the mortar board using the pointed edge of the trowel.
Butter the vertical face of the block and trowel a bead of mortar onto the top edge.
Laying Subsequent Courses
Place the next block on the mortared joints and tap it into place with a rubber mallet.
Continue laying blocks, staggering joints and ensuring proper alignment.
Mortar Joints
Use a jointing tool to create clean, concave joints.
Smooth the joints using a damp sponge or brush.
Leveling and Plumb
Check the level and plumb of each block using a level and plumb line.
Adjust the position of the blocks as needed.
Cutting and Fitting
Use a masonry saw or hammer and chisel to cut blocks to fit.
Mortar the cut blocks into place as needed.
Curing
Protect the mortar from drying out too quickly by applying a curing compound or covering it with plastic.
Allow the mortar to cure for at least 7 days before subjecting it to load.
How To Mortar Concrete Blocks
Mortaring concrete blocks is a relatively simple process that can be completed in a few hours. However, it is important to follow the correct steps to ensure that the mortar is applied properly and that the blocks are securely bonded together. Here are the steps on how to mortar concrete blocks:
- Prepare the concrete blocks. Before you begin mortaring the concrete blocks, you will need to prepare them by cleaning them and removing any debris.
- Mix the mortar. The next step is to mix the mortar. You can either purchase pre-mixed mortar or mix your own using a mortar mixer. If you are mixing your own mortar, be sure to follow the manufacturer’s instructions.
- Apply the mortar to the blocks. Once the mortar is mixed, you can begin applying it to the blocks. Use a trowel to apply a layer of mortar to the top and bottom of each block. Be sure to spread the mortar evenly and to fill in any gaps.
- Place the blocks in place. Once the mortar has been applied, you can begin placing the blocks in place. Start by placing the bottom row of blocks and then work your way up. Be sure to level each block as you place it.
- Cure the mortar. Once all of the blocks have been placed, you will need to allow the mortar to cure. This process can take several days or even weeks, depending on the weather conditions.
People Also Ask
How long does it take to mortar concrete blocks?
The amount of time it takes to mortar concrete blocks will vary depending on the size of the project and the weather conditions. However, you can expect to spend several hours mortaring the blocks and then several days or weeks allowing the mortar to cure.
What type of mortar should I use for concrete blocks?
The best type of mortar to use for concrete blocks is a Type N mortar. This type of mortar is specifically designed for use with concrete blocks and will provide the strongest bond.
What are some tips for mortaring concrete blocks?
Here are a few tips for mortaring concrete blocks:
- Be sure to clean the concrete blocks before you begin mortaring them.
- Mix the mortar according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
- Apply a layer of mortar to the top and bottom of each block.
- Spread the mortar evenly and fill in any gaps.
- Place the blocks in place and level each block as you go.
- Allow the mortar to cure for several days or weeks before using the wall.
